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The diabetes It has become a public health problem in the world. In Peru, about 1.4 million people over 15 suffer from this disease, according to data from the Ministry of Health (Minsa). Lima, Arequipa and Piura have more cases due to the more modern way of life and access to processed products.
This disease is caused by elevated levels of glucose (sugar) in the blood. From its diagnosis, it is important that the patient maintains adequate control, as it can include other organs, such as the eyes, the kidneys and the brain. This was explained by Dr. Héctor Palacios, a specialist in the Ophthalmic Clinic of Vision.
"Diabetes directly damages the eyes, affecting different areas of this organ, but to a greater extent in the retina. Damage to this layer causes diabetic retinopathy, an ocular condition that occurs when high blood sugar levels cause damage to retinal blood vessels, "he said.
According to the World Health Organization (WHO), 1% of the main causes of visual disability worldwide are caused by diabetic retinopathy.
Symptoms
Diabetic retinopathy presents, as initial symptoms, slight damage to the retinal blood vessels, microarrays, microarrays, and even macular inflammation, the central part of the retina that allows reading and monitoring of details. On the other hand, in more advanced cases, the body creates new boats when trying to supply blood. However, these are abnormal and do not provide the correct blood flow.
In addition, the disease can be caused by type 1 or type 2 diabetes. Type 1 is caused by a problem in the immune system, whereas type 2 develops at any time in the patient's life and its appearance is related to eating habits and the way of life.
What to do;
Palaus explained that treatment for this disease is surgical. There are currently two procedures: laser photocoagulation (which destroys irregular structures of the retina) and vitreorectomy (a technique that removes the vitreous, transparent gel filling the ophthalmic cavity).
In addition, there are drugs that prevent the formation of abnormal blood vessels, which are applied through intravitreal injections (into the eye). If patients are screened in time and follow the usual treatment guidelines, less than 5% of diabetics will develop severe vision loss.
The specialist recommends that diabetic patients have periodic control with their endocrinologist. He also said it is important to have frequent exams, according to the expert. Finally, she suggests choosing a balanced diet, exercise and avoiding alcoholic beverages. (Andean)
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